挖掘机履带保养的黄金法则

HENGWANG

众所周知，挖掘机的行走部分主要是由驱动轮、支重轮等组成。履带在工程机械设备中应用广泛，是履带式挖掘机行走装置的一部分。

As is well known, the mobile part of an excavator primarily consists of drive wheels, support wheels, and the like. Tracks are widely used in construction machinery equipment and are a part of the crawler excavator's walking mechanism.

由于挖掘机一般都是在比较恶劣的环境下施工。

履带出现松动、损坏、断裂等故障在所难免

那造成履带损坏的原因有哪些？

Because excavators are typically used in relatively harsh construction environments, it is inevitable that issues such as track loosening, damage, and breakage occur. What are the reasons that cause damage to the tracks?

01

在凹凸不平的路面行驶

Driving on uneven road surfaces.

当挖掘机进行土石方工程时，作业的场地一般都是凹凸不平的，在这样的地形条件履带式挖机行走的路线不当，机体的重量都会倾向局部，局部压力变大，会对履带局部会造成一定损害，会出现松动问题。

When excavators are engaged in earthmoving and rock excavation projects, the work sites are typically uneven and rugged. Under such terrain conditions, improper track alignment of a crawler excavator can result in uneven weight distribution on the machine, causing localized pressure to increase. This can lead to damage to specific areas of the tracks and result in issues such as track loosening.

02

转弯时操作不当

Improper handling while making turns.

当挖掘机在转弯的时，其中一侧的履带行走、另一侧履带不动，出现大幅度的旋转运动，如果履带被地面上凸起的部分阻挡，就会卡到转动一侧的履带，履带很容易被拉伤。

When an excavator is making a turn, one side's track moves while the other side's track remains stationary, resulting in a significant rotational motion. If the track is obstructed by raised portions on the ground during this rotation, it can get jammed against the stationary track, leading to the risk of damaging or tearing the track easily.

03

长时间进行行走作业

Extended periods of continuous operation.

挖掘机可不像汽车一样能在路上开太久，机手需要特别注意一点，履带挖掘机不能行走时间太长，这样不仅会对履带造成很大的损害，还会影响设备的使用寿命，因此，挖掘机的移动行走必须掌握一个度。

Excavators are not like cars, and operators need to be particularly mindful that tracked excavators should not be driven for extended periods. Prolonged travel can cause significant damage to the tracks and affect the equipment's lifespan. Therefore, it is essential to exercise caution and control when it comes to the mobility of excavators.

04

未及时清理履带中的碎石

Failure to promptly clean debris from the tracks.

履带式挖掘机在工作或者移动时，会有一些碎石或者泥土进入到履带当中，如果在行走前不及时清除掉，碎石等会随着履带转动而被挤压在驱动轮、引导轮和履带间，时间久了会使挖机履带松动，还会造成链轨断裂等现象。

When tracked excavators are operating or moving, some debris such as gravel or mud can enter the tracks. If this debris is not promptly removed before traveling, the gravel and other materials can be squeezed between the drive wheels, guide wheels, and the tracks as the tracks rotate. Over time, this can lead to track loosening and even result in track chain breakage.

05

挖掘机停放不够合理

Inadequate parking of the excavator.

履带式挖掘机停放也不能含糊，必须要停在平整的地方，如果高低不平，会引起挖掘机履带受力不均，一侧的履带承受较大的重量，很容易因应力集中造成履带被拉断或者出现裂痕。

Parking a tracked excavator should also be done with care. It must be parked on a level surface. If the surface is uneven, it can lead to uneven stress on the excavator's tracks. One side of the tracks may bear a greater weight, which can easily cause track breakage or the development of cracks due to concentrated stress.

了解过履带损坏的原因

又该如何维护呢？

Understanding the reasons for track damage

How should it be maintained?

发现因故障无法运转的滚轮时，应及时修理

如果出现挖掘机部分托链轮或支重轮无法继续运转的情况，在这样的状态下继续使用，有可能会造成滚轮磨偏，甚至可能导致轨链节的磨损。所以在碰到此类情况时，请务必立即进行修理，这样才可及时避免发生其他故障。

When a malfunction that prevents the roller from operating is detected, timely repairs should be carried out.

If a situation arises where some of the excavator's carrier rollers or support rollers cannot continue to operate, continuing to use the machine in such a state can potentially lead to roller misalignment and even result in track chain wear. Therefore, when faced with such a situation, it is imperative to undertake immediate repairs to prevent further issues from occurring in a timely manner.

避免挖掘机在倾斜地面行进或突然转向

挖掘机长时间反复在倾斜地面上行走、突然转向，会导致轨链节侧面与驱动轮以及引导轮的侧面相接触，从而导致磨损程度加重。所以，挖掘机作业过程中应尽可能选择直线行进和大转弯，这样可以有效防止过度磨损。

Avoid having the excavator travel on sloping terrain or make sudden turns.

Extended and repetitive travel on sloping terrain, as well as abrupt turns, can cause the side of the track chain links to come into contact with the side of the drive wheels and guide wheels, leading to increased wear. Therefore, during excavator operations, it's advisable to opt for straight-line movement and gradual turns as much as possible to effectively prevent excessive wear.

定期检查、加固螺栓螺母，有效减小磨损

挖掘机长时间工作后，支重轮、履带板螺栓、驱动轮螺栓、行走配管螺栓等部件很容易因震动而松动。如果在履带板螺栓松动的情况下继续运作设备，可能会使螺栓和履带板之间产生间隙，从而导致履带板产生裂痕。而间隙的产生还可能加大履带与轨链节之间的螺栓孔，使之没有办法紧固，导致必须更换履带和轨链节的后果。

Regularly inspect and tighten bolts and nuts to effectively reduce wear.

After extended periods of operation, components such as support wheel bolts, track plate bolts, drive wheel bolts, and walking pipeline bolts on the excavator are prone to loosening due to vibrations. Continuing to operate the equipment with loose track plate bolts may create gaps between the bolts and track plates, leading to track plate cracking. The creation of these gaps can also enlarge the bolt holes between the track and track chain links, making it impossible to secure them, resulting in the need to replace the track and track chain links.

尽管导致挖掘机履带磨损的原因大多来自一些小细节，但正是这些容易忽视的小细节，很可能导致大的故障及后果。小编相信只有日积月累对设备的精心呵护，设备才会历久弥新。

While the reasons for track wear on excavators mainly stem from minor details, it's precisely these easily overlooked small details that could potentially lead to significant malfunctions and consequences. The author believes that only through consistent and careful maintenance of the equipment over time can it remain in excellent condition.

- END -

山东恒旺集团以“让最广泛的用户享受最高性价比的产品及服务”为使命，不断推出新产品，提供全方位服务。主营产品类目齐全，包括挖掘机、推土机、钻机、打桩机、压路机、履带运输车等20大系列180余种。产品通过ISO、欧盟CE、德国TUV、法国BV等十余项安全检测认证。

Shandong Hengwang Group, with the mission of "providing the widest range of users with the highest cost-effective products and services," continuously introduces new products and offers comprehensive services. Our main product categories are comprehensive, including excavators, bulldozers, drilling rigs, piling machines, road rollers, tracked transport vehicles, and more, totaling over 20 series and 180 varieties. Our products have obtained more than ten safety testing certifications, including ISO, EU CE, Germany TUV, France BV, and others.

干工程、选恒旺、事业兴旺！

免费热线：400-9975-666

欢迎您的致电~

For quality construction, choose Hengwang and prosper your career!

Toll-free hotline: 400-9975-666

声明：本文系转载自互联网，请读者仅作参考，并自行核实相关内容。若对该稿件内容有任何疑问或质疑，请立即与铁甲网联系，本网将迅速给您回应并做处理，再次感谢您的阅读与关注。